SYNTAX
1. GKwU Singular subject GKwU Singular verb Ges GKwU plural subject GKwU plural verb MÖnY K‡i|
Ex. i) They (is/are) happy. ii) He (is/are) happy. iii) This (is/are) a unique matter.
2. Verb hw` Subjunctive Mood cÖKvk K‡i Z‡e Singular subject; plural verb MÖnY K‡i| Z‡e to be verb me mgq ÔwereÕ nq|
Subjunctive mood: GB mood- G verb AwbðqZv, m‡›`n, Aev¯—e, Kvgbv, B”Qv, ev AwfcÖvq e¨³ K‡i|
Exercise: i) (Believe/ Believes) it or not, the Titanic is a vast ship.
ii) If I (were / was) a king. iii) Would that I (was/were) a bird.
3. ‡h me Noun MYbv Kiv hvq bv †m¸wj A‡_©i w`K w`‡q Plural n‡jI Singular verb MÖnY K‡i|
Ex. i) Her hair (is/are) grey. ii) The grass (is/are) getting long.
4. Collective Noun Subject wn‡m‡e e‡m hw` ALÛ A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zvn‡j Singular Verb Ges hw` LwÛZ A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zvn‡j Plural Verb MÖnY K‡i| Same _vK‡j ALÛ A_© divide Ges various _vK‡j LwÛZ A_© cÖKvk K‡i|
Ex. i) The jury (is /are) of same opinion. ii) The jury (is /are) divided in their opinion.
iii) The family (is /are) giving a party. iv) The family (are/is) of various opinions.
5. Book, Magazine, Movie, Newspaper, Play Giƒc wRwb‡mi bvg Plural _vK‡jI Singular Verb MÖnY K‡i|
Ex. i) Thakor Mar Joli (is /are) a fine story book.
ii) The Bangladesh Times (is /are) a good magazine.
6. cwigvY ev As‡Ki GKK eySv‡j Plural Subject -Gi ci Singular Verb e‡m|
Ex. i) Eight hours (is /are) our working day. ii) Ten percent (is /are) a good rate of interest.
7. Mathematics, Physics, Mechanics, Politics, News, innings, Gallows, ethics, Statistics, Economics, Athletics, Gymnastics, Optics G¸‡jv ‡`L‡Z Plural n‡jI Avm‡j Singular Ges G¸‡jv Singular verb MÖnY K‡i|
Ex. i) No news (is/are) good news. ii) Mathematics (is/are) his favorite subject.
8. Introductory ‘it’ Øviv hLb †Kvb Sentence ïi“ nq ZLb Zvi cieZx© Verb wU Singular nq|
Ex. i) It (is/ are/am) I who am to blame. ii) It (is /are) we who are to blame.
9. Anybody, anyone, each, everyone, everybody, nobody, no one, none, somebody, someone hw` subject wn‡m‡e e‡m Zvn‡j verb singular n‡e|
Ex. i) Anybody who (has/have) money is rich. ii) (Does/do) anyone like this?
10. Any, one, each, either, neither, quality, none BZ¨vw`i ci ‘of’ Øviv Plural subject hy³ _vK‡jI Verb singular n‡e|
Ex. i) One of the boys (were/ was) ill. ii) Each of the girl’s (is/are) clever.
iii) Either of the books (was/were) stolen.
iv) Neither of the books (was / were) interesting.
11. MvwYwZK wnmv‡ei †ejvq mvaviYZ Plural verb use Kiv hvq|
Ex. i) Two and Two makes / make four. ii) Five and five (is /are) ten.
12. `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Singular Subject ‘And’ Øviv hy³ n‡j Verb Plural n‡e|
Ex. i) Eva and Ruma (is/are) here. ii) He and his friend (has/have) arrived.
13. Each Ges Every kã `ywU w`‡q A‡bK¸‡jv e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K Avjv`v fv‡e eySvq| myZivs And Øviv hy³ Subject ¸‡jvi Av‡M each/every em‡j verb Singular n‡e|
Ex. Each boy and each girl (has/have) paid the money.
14. And Øviv hy³ `yBwU Singular Subject Øviv hLb GKB e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K wb‡`©k K‡i ZLb Zv‡`i cieZx© Verb Singular nq|
Ex. The headmaster and secretary (has/have) come to the meeting.
wKš—y wfbœ wfbœ e¨w³‡K eySv‡j verb plural n‡e|
Ex. The headmaster and the secretary (has/have) come to the meeting.
15. hw` And Øviv hy³ `ywU subject GKwU idea cÖKvk K‡i Zvn‡j verb singular nq|
Ex. i) Bread and milk (is / are) his only food.
ii) The long and the short of the matter (is/ are) this.
iii) Early to bed and early to rise (make/ makes) a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
16. `ywU Subject hw` as well as, in addition to, including, no less than, with, accompanied by, together with Øviv hy³ _v‡K Zvn‡j verb singular n‡e|
Ex. i) He as well as his brothers (has/have) done this.
ii) Niloy no less than the boys (is/are) guilty.
17. Or, nor, but, either .........or, neither .............. nor, not only……….but also Øviv `yBwU Subject hy³ _vK‡j verb me mgq wbKUeZx Subject Abyhvqx n‡e|
Ex. i) He or his brother (is /are) intelligent.
ii) He or his brothers (has/have) done this.
iii) Either he or his brother (is/ are) present.
iv) Neither Karim nor his friends (are /is) guilty.
v) Not only Biva but also her friends (has/ have) come.
18. Relative Pronoun hvi cwie‡Z© e‡m Zvi Ae¯’v (Singular/Plural) Abyhvqx verb n‡e|
Ex. i) I am one of them who (acts/act) wisely.
ii) He is the man who (acts/act) wisely.
iii) These are the books which (has/have) been bought.
iv) This is the book which (has/have) been bought.
19. Very few, both, all, a few + plural noun Gi ci verb plural nq|
Ex. i) Both the boys (is/are) guilty. ii) All (is/are) requested to go there.
20. All cÖev` ev‡K¨i g‡a¨ em‡j verb singular nq|
Ex. i) All that gliters (is/are) not gold.
21. The + Adjective ev‡K¨ Subject wn‡m‡e em‡j verb plural nq|
Ex. i) The poor (is/are) born to suffer. ii) The virtuous (is/are) always happy.
22. No Gi ci Plural Noun em‡j verb Plural nq|
Ex. i) No birds (is/are) flying in the sky.
23. There w`‡q evK¨ ïi“ n‡j cieZ©x Noun Gi Dci Verb wbf©i K‡i|
Ex: i) There (is/are) a chair in my reading room.
ii) There (is/are) three chairs in my reading room.
iii) There (is/are) a primary and a high school in my village.
24. Infinitive, gerund, Noun clause BZ¨vw` ev‡K¨i Subject wn‡m‡e _vK‡j verb singular nq&|
Ex. i) To tell a lie (is/are) a great sin. ii) Swimming in the pond (is/are) a good exercise.
iii) That you finished the novels (was/were) known to me.
25. The number of Øviv evK¨ ïi“ n‡j verb singular Ges A number of Øviv evK¨ ïi“ n‡j verb plural nq|
Ex. A large number of people (is/are) present there
The number of single mother family (is/are) increasing day by day.